This paper analyzes the Alabama anti-abortion law of 2019, which imposes an almost total ban on abortions without exceptions for rape or incest, reflecting a broader conservative shift in abortion regulation in the United States. It examines the conflict between this state law and federal constitutional protections established under Roe v. Wade, explores the motivations behind such restrictive legislation, and evaluates which legal framework should prevail. The paper further suggests reforms to the existing legal regime and undertakes a comparative analysis with Indian abortion law. It discusses key Indian case law and constitutional principles governing reproductive rights, particularly in light of Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017), which strengthened the right to bodily and reproductive autonomy. The authors conclude by advocating a progressive reinterpretation and amendment of the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 to reflect evolving societal values and medical advancements.
